March 30
March 30 is the 89th day of the year (90th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 276 days remaining until the end of the year.
Events
- 1282 – The people of Sicily rebel against the Angevin king Charles I, in what becomes known as the Sicilian Vespers.
- 1296 – Edward I sacks Berwick-upon-Tweed, during armed conflict between Scotland and England.
- 1814 – Napoleonic Wars: Sixth Coalition forces march into Paris.
- 1814 – Joachim Murat issues the Rimini Declaration which would later inspire Italian Unification.
- 1822 – The Florida Territory is created in the United States.
- 1842 – Anesthesia is used for the first time, in an operation by the American surgeon Dr. Crawford Long.
- 1844 – One of the most important battles of the Dominican War of Independence from Haiti takes place near the city of Santiago de los Caballeros.
- 1855 – Origins of the American Civil War: Bleeding Kansas – "Border Ruffians" from Missouri invade Kansas and force election of a pro-slavery legislature.
- 1856 – The Treaty of Paris is signed, ending the Crimean War.
- 1863 – Danish prince Wilhelm Georg is chosen as King George of Greece.
- 1867 – Alaska is purchased from Russia for $7.2 million, about 2 cent/acre ($4.19/km²), by United States Secretary of State William H. Seward.
- 1870 – Texas is readmitted to the Union following Reconstruction.
- 1885 – The Battle for Kushka triggers the Panjdeh Incident which nearly gives rise to war between the British Empire and Russian Empire.
- 1909 – The Queensboro Bridge opens, linking Manhattan and Queens.
- 1910 – The Mississippi Legislature founds The University of Southern Mississippi.
- 1912 – Sultan Abdelhafid signs the Treaty of Fez, making Morocco a French protectorate.
- 1918 – Outburst of bloody March Events in Baku and other locations of Baku Governorate.
- 1939 – The Heinkel He 100 fighter sets a world airspeed record of 463 mph.
- 1940 – Sino-Japanese War: Japan declares Nanking capital of a new Chinese puppet government, nominally controlled by Wang Ching-wei.
- 1944 – World War II: Allied bombers conduct their most severe bombing run on Sofia, Bulgaria.
- 1944 – Allied bombing raid on Nuremberg. Along the English eastern coast 795 aircraft are despatched, including 572 Lancasters, 214 Halifaxes and 9 Mosquitos. The bombers meet resistance at the coasts of Belgium and the Netherlands from German fighters. In total, 95 bombers are lost, making it the largest Bomber Command loss of World War II.
- 1945 – World War II: Soviet Union forces invade Austria and take Vienna; Polish and Soviet forces liberate Gdańsk.
- 1949 – A riot breaks out in Austurvöllur square in Reykjavík, when Iceland joins NATO.
- 1954 – The Yonge Street subway line opens in Toronto. It is the first subway in Canada.
- 1961 – The Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs is signed in New York City.
- 1965 – Vietnam War: A car bomb explodes in front of the US Embassy, Saigon, killing 22 and wounding 183 others.
- 1972 – Vietnam War: The Easter Offensive begins after North Vietnamese forces cross into the Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) of South Vietnam.
- 1976 – The first Land Day protests are held in Israel/Palestine.
- 1979 – Airey Neave, a British Member of Parliament, is killed by a car bomb as he exits the Palace of Westminster. The Irish National Liberation Army claims responsibility.
- 1981 – President Ronald Reagan is shot in the chest outside a Washington, D.C., hotel by John Hinckley, Jr.
- 1982 – Space Shuttle program: STS-3 Mission is completed with the landing of Columbia at White Sands Missile Range, New Mexico.
- 2006 – The United Kingdom Terrorism Act 2006 becomes a law.
- 2009 – Twelve gunmen attack the Manawan Police Academy in Lahore, Pakistan.
Births
- 1326 – Ivan II of Russia, Grand Duke of Muscovy (d. 1359)
- 1432 – Mehmed II, Ottoman Sultan (d. 1481)
- 1640 – John Trenchard, English politician (d. 1695)
- 1746 – Francisco Goya, Spanish painter (d. 1828)
- 1750 – John Stafford Smith, English composer (d. 1836)
- 1811 – Robert Bunsen, German chemist (d. 1899)
- 1820 – Anna Sewell, British author (d. 1878)
- 1830 – Mihály Zsupánek Slovene writer, poet and soldier in Hungary (d. 1898? 1905?)
- 1844 – Paul Verlaine, French poet (d. 1896)
- 1853 – Vincent van Gogh, Dutch painter (d. 1890)
- 1857 – Leon Charles Thevenin, French telegraph engineer (d. 1926)
- 1863 – Mary Calkins, American philosopher and psychologist (d. 1930)
- 1864 – Franz Oppenheimer, German sociologist (d. 1943)
- 1879 – Coen de Koning, Dutch ice skater (d. 1954)
- 1880 – Sean O'Casey, Irish dramatist (d. 1964)
- 1882 – Melanie Klein, British psychoanalyst (d. 1960)
- 1892 – Stefan Banach, Polish mathematician (d. 1945)
- 1892 – Fortunato Depero, Italian artist (d. 1960)
- 1892 – Erhard Milch, German field marshal (d. 1972)
- 1894 – Sergey Ilyushin, Russian aerospace engineer (d. 1977)
- 1895 – Jean Giono, French author (d. 1970)
- 1899 – Sharadindu Bandyopadhyay, Bengali writer (d. 1970)
- 1902 – Brooke Astor, American philanthropist (d. 2007)
- 1902 – Ted Heath, British musician and band leader (d. 1969)
- 1903 – Countee Cullen, American poet (d. 1946)
- 1903 – Joy Ridderhof, American missionary (d. 1984)
- 1904 – Ripper Collins, American baseball player (d. 1970)
- 1905 – Albert Pierrepoint, English executioner (d. 1992)
- 1907 – Friedrich August Freiherr von der Heydte, German Luftwaffe Officer (d. 1994)
- 1910 – Józef Marcinkiewicz, Polish mathematician (d. 1940)
- 1913 – Marc Davis, American animator (d. 2000)
- 1913 – Richard Helms, American CIA director (d. 2002)
- 1913 – Frankie Laine, American singer (d. 2007)
- 1913 – Censu Tabone, President of Malta
- 1914 – Sonny Boy Williamson I, American musician (d. 1948)
- 1919 – McGeorge Bundy, American National Security Advisor (d. 1996)
- 1922 – Turhan Bey, Turkish actor
- 1923 – Milton Acorn, Canadian poet (d. 1986)
- 1926 – Ingvar Kamprad, Swedish entrepreneur
- 1926 – Peter Marshall, American game show host
- 1926 – Werner Torkanowsky, German conductor (d. 1992)
- 1928 – Robert Badinter, French politician
- 1928 – Tom Sharpe, English satirical author
- 1929 – Richard Dysart, American actor
- 1930 – John Astin, American actor
- 1930 – Nicolas Browne-Wilkinson, former Lord of Appeal, UK
- 1930 – Rolf Harris, Australian artist and entertainer
- 1933 – Jean-Claude Brialy, French actor and director (d. 2007)
- 1933 – George Morfogen, American actor
- 1934 – Hans Hollein, Austrian architect
- 1935 – Karl Berger, German musicologist and musician
- 1935 – Willie Galimore, American football player (d. 1964)
- 1937 – Warren Beatty, American actor and director
- 1940 – Jerry Lucas, American basketball player
- 1940 – Hans Ragnemalm, Swedish professor of public law, and judge
- 1941 – Graeme Edge, British musician (Moody Blues)
- 1941 – Wasim Sajjad, President of Pakistan
- 1941 – Bob Smith, former American politician
- 1942 – Ruben Kun, Nauruan politician and former President of Nauru
- 1943 – Ken Forssi, American musician (Love) (d. 1998)
- 1945 – Eric Clapton, British guitarist
- 1945 – Johnnie Walker, British DJ
- 1947 – Ryszard Kotla, Polish travel writer and activist
- 1948 – Mervyn King, British economist, Governor of the Bank of England (2003–present)
- 1948 – Eddie Jordan, former owner of Jordan Grand Prix
- 1949 – Naomi Sims, American fashion model and businesswoman (d. 2009)
- 1949 – Liza Frulla, Quebec politician
- 1949 – Ray Magliozzi, American radio personality
- 1950 – Robbie Coltrane, Scottish actor and comedian
- 1951 – Yves Séguin, Quebec politician
- 1951 – Tina Monzon-Palma, Filipina broadcast journalist and news anchor
- 1952 – Peter Knights, Australian footballer and coach
- 1955 – Randy VanWarmer, American singer and songwriter (d. 2004)
- 1956 – Bill Butler, Scottish politician
- 1956 – Juanito Oiarzabal, Basque mountaineer
- 1956 – Shahla Sherkat, Iranian feminist journalist
- 1957 – Paul Reiser, American actor
- 1958 – Maurice LaMarche, Canadian voice actor
- 1959 – Peter Hugh McGregor Ellis, New Zealand convicted child abuser
- 1959 – Sabine Meyer, German clarinetist
- 1959 – Andrew Bailey, Bank of England officer
- 1961 – Doug Wickenheiser, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1999)
- 1962 – Mark Begich, American Senator from Alaska
- 1962 – Bil Dwyer, American actor
- 1962 – MC Hammer, American rap musician
- 1963 – Eli-Eri Moura, Brazilian composer and conductor
- 1963 – Panagiotis Tsalouchidis, Greek footballer
- 1964 – Tracy Chapman, American singer
- 1964 – Vlado Bozinovski, Australian former footballer
- 1964 – Dave Ellett, Canadian hockey player
- 1964 – Ian Ziering, American actor
- 1965 – Piers Morgan, British journalist and television personality
- 1966 – Joey Castillo, American drummer (Queens of the Stone Age)
- 1966 – Efstratios Grivas, Greek chess grandmaster and author
- 1967 – Christopher Bowman, American figure skater (d. 2008)
- 1967 – Hayashibara Megumi, Japanese voice actress and singer
- 1967 – Richard Hutten, designer
- 1968 – Donna D'Errico, American actress and model
- 1968 – Celine Dion, Canadian singer
- 1971 – Mark Consuelos, American actor
- 1971 – Mari Holden, American cycle racer
- 1972 – Mili Avital, Israeli-American actress
- 1973 – Jan Koller, Czech footballer
- 1973 – Matthew Pritchard, Welsh stuntman
- 1973 – Ali Ahmed Qatari archer
- 1975 – Paul Griffen, New Zealand-born Italian rugby player
- 1975 – Bahar Soomekh, American actress
- 1976 – Mark McClelland, Northern Irish musician (Degrassi)
- 1976 – Ty Conklin, American ice hockey player
- 1976 – Obadele Thompson, Barbadian athlete
- 1978 – Chris Paterson, Scottish rugby player
- 1979 – Anatoliy Tymoschuk Ukrainian footballer
- 1979 – Norah Jones, American musician
- 1979 – Simon Webbe, English singer
- 1980 – Ricardo Osorio, Mexican footballer
- 1980 – Yalın, Turkish singer and songwriter
- 1981 – Jammal Brown, American football player
- 1981 – Andrea Masi, Italian rugby player
- 1982 – Jason Dohring, American actor
- 1982 – Mark Hudson, English footballer
- 1983 – Jérémie Aliadière, French footballer
- 1983 – Zach Gowen, American professional wrestler
- 1983 – Scott Moffatt, Canadian singer and songwriter
- 1983 – Davis Romero, Panamanian baseball player
- 1983 – Hebe Tien, Taiwanese singer (S.H.E)
- 1984 – Mario Ančić, Croatian tennis player
- 1984 – Anna Nalick, American singer and songwriter
- 1984 – Samantha Stosur, Australian tennis player
- 1986 – Beni Arashiro, Japanese singer
- 1986 – Sergio Ramos, Spanish footballer
- 1987 – Marc-Edouard Vlasic, Canadian hockey player
- 1987 – Trent Barreta, American professional wrestler
- 1988 – Thanasis Papazoglou, Greek footballer
- 1989 – Chris Sale, American baseball player
- 1990 – Lee Gi Kwang, Korean singer and dancer (BEAST)
- 1990 – Cassie Scerbo, American actress
- 1990 – Rodney Strasser, Sierra Leonean footballer
- 1994 – Sarah Solovay, American singer-songwriter
Deaths
- 365 – Jin Aidi, emperor of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (b. 341)
- 1486 – Thomas Bourchier, Archbishop of Canterbury
- 1526 – Konrad Mutian, German humanist (b. 1471)
- 1540 – Matthäus Lang von Wellenburg, German statesman and Archbishop of Salzburg (b. 1469)
- 1559 – Adam Ries, German mathematician (b. 1492)
- 1587 – Ralph Sadler, English statesman (b. 1507)
- 1662 – François le Métel de Boisrobert, French poet (b. 1592)
- 1707 – Vauban, French architect (b. 1633)
- 1764 – Pietro Locatelli, Italian composer (b. 1695)
- 1783 – William Hunter, Scottish anatomist (b. 1718)
- 1804 – Victor-François, 2nd duc de Broglie, Marshal of France (b. 1718)
- 1806 – Georgiana Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire, English duchess (b. 1757)
- 1830 – Ludwig I, Grand Duke of Baden (b. 1763)
- 1840 – Beau Brummell, English celebrity and dandy (b. 1778)
- 1842 – Louise Élisabeth Vigée Le Brun, French painter (b. 1755)
- 1879 – Thomas Couture, French painter and teacher (b. 1815)
- 1886 – Joseph-Alfred Mousseau, French Canadian politician (b. 1838)
- 1896 – Charilaos Trikoupis, seven times prime-minister of Greece (b. 1832)
- 1912 – Karl May, German author (b. 1842)
- 1925 – Rudolf Steiner, Austrian philosopher (b. 1861)
- 1936 – Conchita Supervía, Spanish opera singer (b. 1895)
- 1943 – Jan Bytnar, Polish activist (b. 1921)
- 1943 – Maciej Aleksy Dawidowski, Polish activist (b. 1920)
- 1949 – Friedrich Bergius, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1884)
- 1950 – Léon Blum, French prime minister (b. 1872)
- 1952 – Jigme Wangchuck, Second king of Bhutan (b. 1905)
- 1959 – Daniil Andreev, Russian writer and mystic (b. 1906)
- 1959 – Riccardo Zanella, president of Free State of Fiume (b. 1875)
- 1965 – Philip Showalter Hench, American physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1896)
- 1966 – Maxfield Parrish, American artist (b. 1870)
- 1966 – Newbold Morris, American politician (b. 1902)
- 1967 – Jean Toomer, American writer (b. 1894)
- 1968 – Bobby Driscoll, American actor (b. 1937)
- 1970 – Heinrich Brüning, German politician, Chancellor (1930–1932) (b. 1885)
- 1972 – Gabriel Heatter, American radio commentator (b. 1890)
- 1973 – Douglas Douglas-Hamilton, 14th Duke of Hamilton, Scottish aviator (b. 1903)
- 1977 – Abdel Halim Hafez, Egyptian singer and actor (b. 1929)
- 1979 – Airey Neave, British politician and WW2 veteran (b.1916)
- 1981 – DeWitt Wallace, American publisher (b. 1889)
- 1984 – Karl Rahner, German theologian (b. 1904)
- 1985 – Harold Peary, American actor and singer (b. 1908)
- 1986 – James Cagney, American actor (b. 1899)
- 1988 – Edgar Faure, French politician (b. 1908)
- 1992 – Manolis Andronikos, Greek archeologist, professor at the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (b. 1919)
- 1999 – Gary Morton, American film and television producer (b. 1924)
- 2000 – Rudolf Kirchschläger, Austrian politician, President (1974–1986) (b. 1915)
- 2002 – Anand Bakshi, Indian lyricist (b. 1930)
- 2002 – Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon, Queen Mother of the United Kingdom (b. 1900)
- 2003 – Michael Jeter, American actor (b. 1952)
- 2003 – Valentin Pavlov, Soviet politician, Prime Minister (1991) (b. 1937)
- 2004 – Alistair Cooke, English-born journalist (b. 1908)
- 2004 – Hubert Gregg, British broadcaster (b. 1914)
- 2004 – Michael King, New Zealand historian (b. 1945)
- 2004 – Timi Yuro, American singer (b. 1940)
- 2005 – Robert Creeley, American poet (b. 1926)
- 2005 – Emil Dimitrov, Bulgarian singer (b. 1940)
- 2005 – Milton Green, American athlete (b. 1913)
- 2005 – Mitch Hedberg, American comedian (b. 1968)
- 2005 – Fred Korematsu, American civil rights activist (b. 1919)
- 2005 – Derrick Plourde, American drummer (b. 1971)
- 2005 – Chrysanthos Theodoridis, Greek singer (b. 1934)
- 2005 – O. V. Vijayan, Indian author and cartoonist (b. 1930)
- 2006 – Red Hickey, American football coach (b. 1917)
- 2006 – John McGahern, Irish novelist (b. 1934)
- 2008 – Dith Pran, Cambodian photographer The Killing Fields (b. 1942)
- 2008 – David Leslie, touring car driver (b. 1953)
- 2008 – Richard Lloyd, racing car driver (b. 1945)
- 2010 – Jaime Escalante, Bolivian-born American high school teacher at Garfield High School (b. 1930)
- 2010 – Martin Sandberger, German military officer (b. 1911)
Holidays and observances
External links